Water fire protection systems
Schematic of a typical
circular water fire extinguishing system
The water fire
protection system consists of:
The main centrifugal fire pumps, the
power and quantity of which are determined by the requirements of the
classification society, shall be formed considering the type and size of the
vessel. The minimum permissible efficiency of the pump must ensure the simultaneous
operation of two syringes. They should be installed in different compartments
or on different sides. The regulations provide for the possibility of using
ballast, drainage, and other pumps for fire protection, provided that their
performance and operating pressures are not less than those required. If it is
not possible to ensure the required viability of stationary fire pumps, then an
emergency pump shall be installed separately from the main pumps.
Fire protection pipeline (highway and
branching), control valves and trunks. The pipes and valves used in the system
are steel or copper and must withstand pressures of up to 10 bars. A firewater
pipeline can be installed in a linear or circular scheme. The water fire
pipeline has drainage valves for draining the pipeline in case of sub-zero
temperatures.
Fire stations with hose connection
nozzles shall be arranged in such a way that the water currents supplied from
at least two posts overlap each other. Fire brigade cranes on board ships shall
be marked in red. Each fire station consists of a shut-off valve and a standard
fast-moving head that meets the requirements of the Registry Rules. Fire
protection water-fighting stations shall be situated in rooms not exceeding 20
m and on open decks at a distance not exceeding 40 m.
4. The connections of the shoreline fire system on board
shall include at least one connection of the water fire highway to the shore.
Ships engaged on international voyages shall have at least one connection to
the shore from each side.